CONCLUSION

From the topic discussed in this blog, the conclusion is that the technology is today giving many benefits and advantages to the organization in terms of organization structure, spread and gather information, research and development, in terms of competition, sales and so on.

Privies year, to obtain, collect and process information is not an easy thing. For example, to get information, to go to the library or get reading materials such as books. While to disseminate information, using POS system or meet face to face. But now it can be done online. Though far away, but with the information system, everything becomes easy.

The same applies in business. Nowadays, more companies are there and more companies that produce similar products by other companies. With the advent of technology, so they can compete effectively and be able to create a creative product. The use of social network such as facebook, email, youtube and so on can increase the demand of their products. Company also can using massa media like television, and radio.

Each company and the inventor must leverage existing technology in order to improve the quality of their products and can provide the best service to our customers. Now, customers are more intelligent in making an assessment on the quality of the products they want. There are many resources that they can use to do research related to a product. So, the manufacturer must carefully and wisely in their products and have to follow the requirements of customers and at the same time according to predetermined specifications.

Each organization should be wise in using the technology available at present as well as to profitable companies, the use of technology can reduce errors and lower operating costs. Technology is able to provide benefits to all communities. However, if misused, technology can become threatened to human being. 

TOPIC 3: ON GLOBALISING HRIS

Assalamualaikum ;)

Hola! For this topic, I will explain about GLOBALISING HRIS. Globalizing? About borderless world and advanced technology. Now, the company is easier to expand his empire into the international market due to the availability of technology. According Marrisson (2005), globalization is a key factor in influencing the organization is able to provide competitive and improve the company's performance, innovation and quality while providing the best service to customers. According to Ishak Shari (2000), “states that globalization is a multidimensional phenomenon that encompasses various fields such as economy, politics, ideology, culture and so on, and it is considered as a process of significant changes to the field.” With use internet in relation, world look smaller especially in business. 

There are four types of model in order to globalize their systems: 

        I.            Multinasional model.

In this model, an organization that would like to practice Human Resource Information System (HRIS) need to consider the differences between the needs of local and regional information. Organizations also need to know about your needs and requirements to other relevant organizations. For example, if a large company who wants to provide services to other companies, so they should make sure that they were good company to be associated with them channel their products based on their needs vary.

      II.            Global model.

- Global models have characteristics similar to the Model International but more integrated model of International operations worldwide through offices based in a country or a place. Bohlander & Snell, (2007). This model is adopted and manage the Human Resources Information System (HRIS) to build a consistent system so that all organizations can adopt the system.

    III.            International model

- According to Bohlander & Snell, (2007) International models using existing core competencies to expand into foreign markets. International model can be defined as learning through leveraging worldwide innovation and knowledge sharing. For example, an organization has a system that cares for local and regional differences, but at the same time, the system can be used for all.

    IV.            Transnational model

- A commercial enterprise that operates substantial facilities, does business in more than one country and does not consider any particular country its national home. One of the significant dvantages of a transnational company is that they are able to maintain a greater degree of responsiveness to the local markets where they maintain facilities.

-Transnational model is the new model which is the combination of multinational model, global model and international model.

How we know the model are appropriate to organization? This is based on the three needs of critical components where that influence them to choose the right model.

• Global efficiency.
• Local flexibility.
• Innovation and sharing information.

Globalization is crucial for a business entity. Wide network worldwide can be controlled easily with the internet is unpredictable and can directly reduce the cost of travel and control. Information sharing can also be done effectively and accurately.

Reference:

1)      Ishak Shari , 2000, ( Ishak Shari, 2000 . Globalisasi Ekonomi :Proses Dan Realiti Norani Othman & Sumit K. Mandal (pnyt.) Malaysia Menangani Globalisasi Persta Atau Mangsa. Hlm 46-70, UKM Bangi ). 
2)      Morrison, J.L. (2005). the global HR Professional- establishing an Effective Global Network. Society For Human Resource Management White Paper. 
3)      http://www.businessdictionary.com
4)      Bohlander & Snell, (2007), Globalization Human Resources Information System.
5)     KarenBeaman, Alfred J.W., 2000, Globalizing HRIS: The new Transnational Model. IHRIM Journal, October to December.

TOPIC 2: INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES

Assalamualaikum =)

Hi! For this part, I will explain about Competitive Advantages (CA) and how IS can gain Competitive Advantages. A competitive advantages is about have two organizations or more organizations producing similar products, must compete for profits, increase sales and customer satisfaction. This means that they want to perform than other organizations in the same industry or market conditions appear to be better at higher levels. Other opinion said competitive advantages is defined as the strategic advantage one business entity has over its rival entities within its competitive industry. It will occur when the organization wants to develop or wants to perform their output more than the competitors. So, they will compete to be the best organization and is able to satisfy the customer.

 “IS to support or change enterprise’s strategy (wiseman, 1985)”. The potential usefulness of different kinds of Information System (IS) for environmental management is well recognized (Diez et al, 2009). A competitive advantage is a combination between HR and IS. These components need each other to increase organization profit, reduce problem in task, to improve communication among them (organizations connection with supplier, distribution or customer) and to achieve their objectives.

There are five competitive strategies can be used by organization :

•  Cost leadership
•  Differentiation strategy
•  Innovation strategy
•  Growth strategy
•  Alliance strategy

These strategies must be following by all organization to achieve their goal and profit and also to ensure their survival in the business/market.

Examples such as automobiles company PROTON and PERODUA. They compete for customers. They have the advantage that they use to dominate the local market. For example, the company prefers the comfort of Proton vehicle. So they created a comfortable car to drive with plenty of space. While the preferred PERODUA price than comfort. Prices for PERODUA vehicles is cheap compared PROTON. So, they use their skills to compete with each other for customers and increase the demand for their vehicles. Although different goals but they create a healthy competition.
 According to Horward et al (1999), “believe that if the design and development strategies addressed at the same times, competitive advantages can be obtained”. 

As conclusion, with the competitive advantages, company can measure their performance, can reduce their cost and increase profit, can make long term relationship and network with customer and can get other advantages. It also will make them improve the performance and improve relationship among organizations and workers.

References :

1) H. Russell Johnston, Michael R. Vitale (1988). Creating Competitive Advantage With Interorganizational Information Systems. MIS Quarterly. JSTOR.

2) Daniel Serbanica, 2008, Competitive Advantages by Integrated e-Business in Supply Chains: a Strategic Approach.

3) Chris Laszlo and Nadya Zhexem bayeva, 2011 Greenleaf Publishing Limited, Embedded Sustainability The Next Big Competitive advantage.

4) Michael E. Porter. The Free Press 1985, revised 1998, Competitive Advantage: Creating and sustaining superior performance.

5) Smith, Howard L & Bullers, I Jr William. (1999). A study of strategic information systems design in home health agencies. The Journal of Computer Information Systems, Vol. 6 Issue 2, pp. 10-19.

Topic 1: INFORMATION SYSTEMS (IS)

ASSALAMUALAIKUM =)     

Hi. Today I will share about my first topics, is it about Information System(IS). Human Resources Information System (HRIS) is a software system or online information system data, data entry, and process the data and the data in the system will represent human resource information in an organization. According to Kavanagh et al. (1990), HRIS is defined as a system used to acquire, store, manipulate, analyze, produce and disseminate information about human resources organization. HRIS is not alone - computer peripherals eye on human resources but it includes people, forms, policies and procedures, and data. According to Kenneth Hamlett, IS refer to “the practice of integrating computer systems, hardware and software used to meet an organization’s strategic goals.” Anderson, Raeburn and Beddie (1992) said, “IS are a system which collects, records, stores and rearranges the data on the operations of a business, and then offers the results of this process to the suitable personnel of a corporation under the shape of information; this information will be used to facilitate an efficient management of the said business, to control its operations and as a basis for efficient action. In a nutshell, and IS must help corporations to make decisions.”

Components in IS, Turban, McLean and Wetherbe (1996);

• ·         Hardware

• ·         Software

• ·         Database

• ·         People

• ·         Procedures

• ·         Purpose

• ·         Network

• ·         Social context 

There is also having three (3) activities in IS:

• Input: Captures or collects raw data from within the organization or from its external environment.

• Processing: Processing converts this raw input into a more meaningful form and easy to understand.

• Output: Output transfers the processed information to the people who will us it or to the activities for which it will be used.

• Feedback: Members that received the output need to discuss in order to determine whether the produced output is suitable or not. If not suitable, these processes need to redo from the beginning which is from the input stage.

For example e-learning in UTM, students must use e-learning system in the learning process to keep pace with rapid technological. Each student an e-learning the lecturers will include information or a summary of the subject. E-learning also viewed in the production of information useful because students can answer questions online or take the information provided by the lecturer quickly and fast and also easy to interaction. 

With IS, information about organizations strategy, goals, tasks and so on will send to employee and stakeholders and also reducing labor costs for HR departments, and providing timely and diverse information to the management of the company, based on which it is possible to make quality strategic decisions related to human capital.

Reference:

1)    Enrique Claver, Juan Llopis and M. Reyes González (2001) THE PERFORMANCE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS THROUGH ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE.

2)      Gabriele Piccoli, 2007, Information Systems for Managers.

3)      Kovach, K. A., Hughes, A. A., Fagan, P. and Maggitti, P. G. (2002), Administrative and Strategic Advantages of HRIS. Employment Relations Today.

4)      Kavanagh, M. J., Gueutal, H.G., & Tannenbaum, S.I. (1990). Human Resource Information Systems. Boston : PWS-Kent.

5)      Kenneth Hamlett, smallbusiness by Demand Media.